Abbreviations Used in This Book. About the Authors. Preface. Chapter 1: Multidisciplinary Cardiac Rehabilitation. Background. Cardiac rehabilitation. Does cardiac rehabilitation work? Recent evidence for the efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation. Comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation. Comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation in Gloucestershire. The British Association for Cardiac Rehabilitation Standards and Core Components for Cardiac Rehabilitation (2007). Chapter 2: The Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme in Gloucestershire. Cardiac Rehabilitation in Gloucestershire. Where the CR service is delivered. What does CR look like in Gloucestershire? Individual CR. The Individual CR Psychology Service. Attendance at CR in Gloucestershire. Health outcomes. Professional development of the CR team. Psychology and Cardiac Rehabilitation. Psychological factors. Anxiety and depression. Psychological factors and health outcomes. Illness perceptions. Illness perceptions and cardiac events. Illness perceptions and CR. Control theory. Applying psychological theory in CR. Anxiety at assessment. Illness perceptions at assessment. Returning home. The CR group. Chapter 3: The Exercise Programme. Risk stratification for exercise. Using the information. Supervision following exercise. Exercise practical sessions. Calculating heart-rate training ranges. Exercise Practical. Exercise set-up. Warm-up. Circuit exercise. Cool-down. Use of music. Gym programmes. Seated exercises. Chapter 4: Preparing for the First Session. Staff background and training. Eligibility for CR group programmes. The patient pathway. Assessment. Patient invitation. Measurement of outcomes. Timing of CR. Open/closed groups. Venues for CR. Health, safety and essential equipment. Chapter 5: Coronary Heart Disease, Psychology and Exercise (Week 1). 1. Introduction to the Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme. 2. Coronary Heart Disease and its Risk Factors. Coronary heart disease. Angina. Angioplasty and stents. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Heart attack (or myocardial infarction). The risk factors for coronary heart disease. 3. The Psychological Side of Having a Cardiac Event. 4. Goal-setting and Pacing. The problem: "activity cycling". The solution: goal-setting and pacing. 5. The Exercise Programme. Monitoring the intensity of exercise. Heart rate. Breathing rate. Rate of Perceived Exertion/Exercise Scale. Exercise diaries. Chapter 6: Aerobic Exercise and Stress (Week 2). 1. Exercise: What Sort and How Much? Session set-up. Exercise-what sort and how much? Activity and exercise. 2. Exercise Practical. 3. Stress and Coronary Heart Disease. Prolonged stress and coronary heart disease. Understanding stress. The effects of stress. The gradual build-up of stress. When stress becomes a problem. Managing stress. Abdominal breathing. Chapter 7: Warming Up, Cooling Down, Angina and Hypertension (Week 3). 1. Warm Up and Cool Down. Warming up. Types of warm-up activity. Cooling down. How do we cool down? Stretching. 2. Exercise Practical. 3. Angina. What is angina? Symptoms of angina. Treatment for angina. Triggers for angina. Managing angina. What do you do if you are having angina? 4. High Blood Pressure (Hypertension). What should your blood pressure be? How can we lower our blood pressure? Chapter 8: Activities to Avoid, Making Changes for Life and Cholesterol (Week 4). 1. Activities to Avoid at the Moment. What would we regard as heavy lifting? 2. Exercise Practical. 3. Mind and Body Relaxation. Deep muscle relaxation. Mental relaxation. Autogenic relaxation. 4. Making Changes for Life. Why make changes for life? Making changes. Setbacks and maintaining behaviour change. 5. Cholesterol. What is cholesterol? What should our cholesterol level be? How to lower and improve our cholesterol levels. Chapter 9: Enough or Too Much Exercise? Diet and Coronary Heart Disease (Week 5). 1. Enough or Too Much Exercise? 2. Exercise Practical. 3. Diet and Coronary Heart Disease. Oily fish. Fats. Fruit and vegetables. Salt. Alcohol. Chapter 10: The Benefits of Regular Exercise and Making the Most of your Recovery (Week 6). 1. The Benefits of Regular Exercise. 2. Exercise Practical. 3. Making the Most of Your Recovery. Thoughts and feelings. Driving. Physical activities. Holidays. Sex. Chapter 11: Staying Fit, Cardiac Medication and the Future! (Week 7). 1. How to Stay Fit for Life. How to recognise that your exercise levels need to be increased. Dealing with setbacks. Maintaining exercise. How to keep motivated to exercise regularly. BACR Phase IV exercise instructor courses. 2. Exercise Practical. 3. Medication. Secondary prevention. Anti-platelets. Beta-blockers. ACE-inhibitors. Statins. 4. The Future! Follow-up sessions. Setbacks. Planning, pacing and goal-setting. Managing stress. Appendix 1: Assessment Document. Appendix 2: Letter of Invitation. References. Index.
Anatomy and Function of the Intrathoracic Neurons Regulating the Mammalian Heart. Autonomic Regulation of Myocardial Contractility. Autonomic Nervous System Control of Heart Rate and Atrioventricular Nodal Conduction. Baroreceptors: Morphology and Mechanics of Receptor Zones and Discharge Properties of Baroafferents. Arterial Baroreceptors: Excitation and Modulation. Resetting of the Arterial Baroreflex: Peripheral and Central Mechanisms. Baroreceptor Reflex Components and Their Alterations in Hypertension. Neuropeptides: Evidence for Central Pathways and Role in Cardiovascular Regulation. Hormonal Control of Cardiovascular Reflexes. Atrial Receptors. Atrial Receptors-Reflex Effects in Quadrupeds. Cardiac Reflexes and Control of Renal Function in Primates. Reflexes From Ventricular Receptors With Vagal Afferents Cardiac Preload Control: An Important Function of Cardiac Chemical Receptors. The Role of Renal Afferent Nerves in Circulatory Control. The Role of the Renal Nerves in the Pathogenesis of Hypertension. Neural Control of Renal Function. The Reflex Effects of Hepatic and Mesenteric Afferents on the Circulation. Reflex Effects From Abdominal Visceral Afferents. Afferent Innervation of Lungs, Airways, and Pulmonary Artery. Integrative Cardiovascular Control By Pulmonary Inflation Reflexes. Neural Control of the Intestinal Circulation and Its Interaction With Autoregulation. Neurohumoral Control of the Pulmonary Circulation. Neural Regulation of Coronary Blood Flow. Reflex Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow. Arterial Baroreflex and Cardiopulmonary Mechanoreflex Function During Exercise. Control of Regional Circulations During Exercise. Beta Adrenergic Receptor Regulation in Cardiac Disease. Baro and Cardiac Reflex Abnormalities in Chronic Heart Failure. Regulation of Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Humans: New Concepts Regarding Autonomic Adjustments to Exercise and Neurohumoral Excitation in Heart Failure. The Neurological Basis for Cardiac Pain. Clinical and Experimental Evaluation of Sympatho-Vagal Interaction: Power Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate and Arterial Pressure Variabilities. Developmental Aspects of Reflex Control of the Circulation.
A Closer Look at Heart Rate opens with an examination of the latent structures underlying short-term heart rate variability indices in a sample of 96 young adults under 4-min eyes-closed followed by 4-min eyes-open resting-state conditions. Electrocardiograms recorded during the two resting-state conditions were then analyzed using a variety of heart rate variability indices in which latent structures were identified using principal component analysis. Additionally, the authors test the hypothesis that the statistical artefact regression to the mean explains part of the baseline effect. To do this, the regression to the mean effect is illustrated through heart rate recording carried out on 1233 volunteers, from which 137 were randomly selected to obtain an estimate of the stress response. Next, 14,000 antepartum fetal heart rate tracings obtained during 2,000 pregnancies are analyzed. After 30 weeks, fetal behavior progressively changes and differentiates into three main states: active sleep, quiet sleep, and active wakefulness. The fetal heart rate pattern during quiet sleep is usually homogeneous. It appears that a heterogeneous pattern reflecting a specific quiet sleep variant has been unrecognized. In the closing chapter, the role of meditation in cardiovascular risk reduction through beneficial modulation in heart rate, and heart-rate variability is reviewed and discussed. Meditative practices are aimed at training the mind to achieve a state of increased consciousness.
Neither Indigenous nor white, Shireen Morris is both outside observer and instrumental insider in the fight for Indigenous rights. Shaped by her family Indian and Fijian migrant story, Morris is a key player in what many consider the greatest moral challenge of our nation: constitutional recognition of Indigenous Australians. She takes us inside this vital campaign to meet the powerful Indigenous advocates, helpful (and unhelpful) non-Indigenous lawyers, unlikely conservative and monarchist allies and infuriating politicians. We travel with Morris through the wins, disappointments and, ultimately, the betrayals that led to the Turnbull government heartbreaking rejection of the Uluru Statement from the Heart. Radical Heart is a challenge for all Australians to dream together of a fairer future, and work as one to make it happen.
‘I flew around like mad to get ready, and before forty-eight hours I was crossing the Channel to show myself to my employers, and sign the contract. In a very few hours I arrived in a city that always makes me think of a whited sepulchre. Prejudice no doubt. I had no difficulty in finding the Company’s offices. It was the biggest thing in the town, and everybody I met was full of it. They were going to run an over-sea empire, and make no end of coin by trade. ‘A narrow and deserted street in deep shadow, high houses, innumerable windows with venetian blinds, a dead silence, grass sprouting right and left, immense double doors standing ponderously ajar. I slipped through one of these cracks, went up a swept and ungarnished staircase, as arid as a desert, and opened the first door I came to. Two women, one fat and the other slim, sat on straw-bottomed chairs, knitting black wool. The slim one got up and walked straight at me— still knitting with downcast eyes—and only just as I began to think of getting out of her way, as you would for a somnambulist, stood still, and looked up. Her dress was as plain as an umbrella-cover, and she turned round without a word and preceded me into a …
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