Section - ONE: Introduction Chapter - 01: Introduction to maritime logistics - Dong-Wook Song and Photis M Panayides Chapter - 02: Maritime transport and logistics as a trade facilitator - Albert W Veenstra Chapter - 03: International maritime trade and logistics - Funda Yercan and Turkay Yildiz Chapter - 04: Defining maritime logistics and its value - Eon-Seong Lee, Hyung-Sik Nam and Dong-Wook Song Chapter - 05: Hinterland logistics and global supply chains - Rickard Bergqvist Chapter - 06: Human elements in maritime logistics - Cecilia Osterman and Anna-Lisa Osvalder Section - TWO: Shipping logistics Chapter - 07: Intermodal freight transport and logistics - Katsuhiko Hayashi and Toshinori Nemoto Chapter - 08: Developing liner service networks in container shipping - Cesar Ducruet and Theo Notteboom Chapter - 09: Supply chain integration of shipping companies - Photis M Panayides, Robert Wiedmer, Panayiotis C Andreou and Christodoulos Louca Chapter - 10: Logistics strategy in container shipping - Alfred J Baird Chapter - 11: Tanker shipping logistics - Robert Desrosiers Chapter - 12: Dry bulk shipping logistics - Claude Comtois and Romuald Lacoste Section - THREE: Port logistics Chapter - 13: Dry ports in concept and practice - Violeta Roso and Andrea Rosa Chapter - 14: Port-centric logistics in concept and practice - Nikolaos Valantasis-Kanellos and Dong-Wook Song Chapter - 15: Container hub ports in concept and practice - Hyung-Sik Nam and Dong-Wook Song Chapter - 16: Multinationalizing container ports: Business models and strategies - Francesco Parola Chapter - 17: Public-private partnerships and port logistics performance - Jasmine Siu Lee Lam, Francesco Parola and Photis M Panayides Chapter - 18: Port and logistics chains: Changes in organizational effectiveness - Cimen Karatas Cetin Chapter - 19: Logistics performance of supply chain-oriented ports - Su Han Woo, Stephen Pettit and Anthony Beresford Section - FOUR: Conclusion Chapter - 20: Looking ahead - Photis M Panayides and Dong-Wook Song
This book uses case studies to elucidate its evaluation and recommendations regarding effective maritime and port security. It examines the basic elements of international maritime operations. It evaluates the possible port threats to maritime operations. It investigates methods and implementation of port security in the United States and worldwide. It also provide effective-risk based principles for enhancing port and maritime security.
The prospect of future climate change has stimulated research into the physiological responses of plants to stress. Water is a key factor controlling the distribution and abundance of plants in nature and the efficient uptake and subsequent transport of water within the plant is critical in hot, dry regions. This book, based on a meeting which focused on the failure of the hydraulic pathway within the xylem, brings together contributions from a range of experts who have worked on the cavitation of water in the transport system. The phenomenon of cavitation, discovered only in the 1960s, is now becoming recognised as being widespread and, whilst its ecological significance is a matter for further research, many scientists consider than embolism in the xylem predisposes plants to further water stress. Cavitation and refilling may, therefore, hold the key to vegetational response to climatic warming and drying. This book will provide a valuable compendium of information for those working in the plant and environmental sciences as well as for those whose interests lie in the more applied disciplines of agriculture and forestry.
The commercial maritime sector is highly vulnerable to theft and piracy, and presents a probable target for a major terrorist attack. The best way to prevent losses is to apply lessons learned in another arena - the struggle to curb drug smuggling. This effort has shown that successes can be achieved when effective and comprehensive security measures and procedures are implemented at key initial links in the cargo supply chain. The integrity and security of whole system are improved when efforts are focused at the primary 'choke point' - the load seaports and their ships. This book provides practical, experience-based, and proven knowledge - and a 'how-to-guide' - on maritime security. McNicholas explains in clear language how commercial seaports and vessels function; what threats currently exist; what security policies, procedures, systems, and measures must be implemented to mitigate these threats; and how to conduct ship and port security assessments and plans. Whether the problem is weapons of mass destruction or cargo theft, "Maritime Security" provides invaluable guidance for the professionals who protect our shipping and ports. This book holds the keys to successfully designing, implementing, and managing effective port and vessel security programs in a high-risk environment. It provides real-world experience in Maritime Security from the Managing Director of Phoenix Management Services Group in the USA and Panama. It offers specifics of a model port security program and case studies of effective tactics in a high-threat environment.
Preface Acknowledgements 1. Crop Physiology: applications for breeding and agronomy Part 1: Farming Systems 2. High yield maize-soybean cropping systems in the U.S. corn belt 3. Farming systems of China: Innovations for sustainable crop production 4. Improving farming systems in northern Europe 5. Raising productivity of maize-based cropping systems in Eastern and Southern Africa: Step-wise intensification options 6. Cropping systems in high yielding potential environments. Opportunities and challenges in Southern Chile 7. Cereal yield in Mediterranean-type environments: challenging the paradigms on terminal drought, the adaptability of barley vs wheat and the role of nitrogen fertilization Part 2: Carbon, water and nutrient economies of crops 8. Quantifying crop responses to nitrogen deficiency and avenues to improve nitrogen-use efficiency 9. A Darwinian perspective on improving nitrogen-fixation efficiency of legume crops and forages 10. Senescence and crop performance 11. Improving Water Transport for Carbon Gain in Crops Part 3: Genetic improvement and agronomy 12. Genetic and Environmental Effects on Crop Development Determining Adaptation and Yield 13. Characterising the crop environment - nature, significance and applications 14. Model assisted phenotyping and ideotype design 15. Crop phenotyping for physiological breeding in grain crops: a case study for maize 16. Breeding challenge: improving yield potential 17. Improving grain quality. Ecophysiological and modelling tools to develop management and breeding strategies 18. Integrated views in plant breeding: from the perspective of biotechnology 19. Integration of biotechnology, plant breeding and crop physiology. Dealing with complex interactions from a physiological perspective 20. Crop modelling for climate change impact and adaptation
The commercial maritime sector is highly vulnerable to theft and piracy, and presents a probable target for a major terrorist attack. The best way to prevent losses is to apply lessons learned in another arena - the struggle to curb drug smuggling. This effort has shown that successes can be achieved when effective and comprehensive security measures and procedures are implemented at key initial links in the cargo supply chain. The integrity and security of whole system are improved when efforts are focused at the primary 'choke point' - the load seaports and their ships. This book provides practical, experience-based, and proven knowledge - and a 'how-to-guide' - on maritime security. McNicholas explains in clear language how commercial seaports and vessels function; what threats currently exist; what security policies, procedures, systems, and measures must be implemented to mitigate these threats; and how to conduct ship and port security assessments and plans. Whether the problem is weapons of mass destruction or cargo theft, "Maritime Security" provides invaluable guidance for the professionals who protect our shipping and ports. This book holds the keys to successfully designing, implementing, and managing effective port and vessel security programs in a high-risk environment. It provides real-world experience in Maritime Security from the Managing Director of Phoenix Management Services Group in the USA and Panama. It offers specifics of a model port security program and case studies of effective tactics in a high-threat environment.
The main purpose of this book is to provide in-depth presentation of physical techniques for measuring water transport and their applications to a variety of biological membranes, from model membrane systems to cell membranes, and then from isolated cells to multicellular barrier systems, such as epithelia or even whole organisms. This survey of water transport in such a broad range of membrane systems will hopefully contribute to understanding of the structure-function relationships and molecular mechanisms of water permeation. Moreover, the description of various techniques, together with a review of literature will enable the readers to assess whether a technique would be useful in helping to solve his or her particular problem of research and will also expand their competence in these techniques. The book consists of two volumes.
Although political and legal institutions are essential to any nation's economic development, the forces that have shaped these institutions are poorly understood. Drawing on rich evidence about the development of the American states from the mid-nineteenth to the late twentieth century, this book documents the mechanisms through which geographical and historical conditions--such as climate, access to water transportation, and early legal systems--impacted political and judicial institutions and economic growth. The book shows how a state's geography and climate influenced whether elites based their wealth in agriculture or trade. States with more occupationally diverse elites in 1860 had greater levels of political competition in their legislature from 1866 to 2000. The book also examines the effects of early legal systems. Because of their colonial history, thirteen states had an operational civil-law legal system prior to statehood. All of these states except Louisiana would later adopt common law. By the late eighteenth century, the two legal systems differed in their balances of power. In civil-law systems, judiciaries were subordinate to legislatures, whereas in common-law systems, the two were more equal. Former civil-law states and common-law states exhibit persistent differences in the structure of their courts, the retention of judges, and judicial budgets. Moreover, changes in court structures, retention procedures, and budgets occur under very different conditions in civil-law and common-law states. The Evolution of a Nation illustrates how initial geographical and historical conditions can determine the evolution of political and legal institutions and long-run growth.
The feasibility of using alternative fuels in an effort to support sustainability in the transportation sector is explored in this book. Potential avenues for using various alternative fuels are assessed, as well as their effect on the environment, such as global warming and climate change. Experimental investigations as to the utilization of alternative fuels in internal combustion engines are presented, along with fuel quality characterization. In addition to ground transportation, alternative fuels for marine, aviation and rail applications are described. Alternative powered vehicles, such as dual fuel vehicles, electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles are also discussed. Technical guidance is provided regarding refineries and automotive industries and their future set up.
Porous Materials Water in Porous Materials Flow in Porous Materials Unsaturated Flows Unsaturated Flow in Building Physics Composite Materials Evaporation and Drying Topics in Water Transport Appendices Symbols Used Properties of Water Minerals, Salts and Solutions Other Liquids Other Data
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