爱学术-智能检索

协同决策工具

ISBN：9781848215160，出版年：2013，中图分类号：C93

Decision-making has evolved recently thanks to the introduction of information and communication technologies in many organizations, which has led to new kinds of decision-making processes, called “collaborative decision-making”, at the organizational and cognitive levels. This book looks at the development of the decision-making process in organizations. Decision-aiding and its paradigm of problem solving are defined, showing how decision-makers now need to work in a cooperative way. Definitions of cooperation and associated concepts such as collaboration and coordination are given and a framework of cooperative decision support systems is presented, including intelligent DSS, cooperative knowledge-based systems, workflow, group support systems, collaborative engineering, integrating with a collaborative decision-making model in part or being part of global projects. Several models and experimental studies are also included showing that these new processes have to be supported by new types of tools, several of which are described in order to calculate or simulate solutions or global solutions for decision-making modification. Definitions and new trends for these models are given, along with types of systems. Contents 1. Alteration of Decision-Making Processes in Organizations. 2. New Decision-Making Processes. 3. The Need to Cooperate. 4. Cooperative Decision-Making. 5. Activity Support Systems. 6. Cooperative Decision Support Systems: CDSSS. About the Authors Pascale Zaraté is Professor at Toulouse 1 Capitole University, France. She conducts her research at the IRIT Laboratory and is the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Decision Support Systems Technologies. She is co-chair of the European Working Group on DSS and has published several studies and books.

Decision-to-decision path Participative decision-making Operational decision Multiscale decision-making Social decision making Collaboration Contingent cooperator Collaborative software Data-informed decision-making Spatial decision making

Software Complexity and Software Maintenance Costs

Forgotten Books Sloan School of Management Center for Information Systems Research

ISBN：9781332282210，出版年：2016，中图分类号：F2

The empirical evidence linking software complexity to software maintenance costs has been criticized as being relatively weak [kearney et al., Much of the early work is based upon experiments involving small programs [curtis, Shepperd and Milliman, 1979] or is based upon analysis of programs written by students [kafura and Reddy, Such evidence can be valuable, but several researchers have noted that caution must be used in applying these results to the actual commercial application systems which account for most software maintenance expenditures [conte, Dunsmore and Shen, 1986 p. 114] [gibson and Senn, And, the limited field research that has been done has generated either no or conﬂicting results; as, for example, in the case of degree of program modularity [vessey and Weber, 1983] [basili and Perricone, 1984] [card, Page and mcgarry, and in the case of program structure (see Vessey and Weber's 1984 review article). Finally, none of the previous work develops estimates of the actual cost of complexity, estimates which could be used by software maintenance managers to make best use of their resources. Research supporting the statistical significance of a factor is a necessary first step in this process, but practitioners must also have an understanding of the magnitudes of these effects if they are to be able to make informed decisions regarding their control. This study analyzes the effects of software complexity upon the costs of cobol maintenance projects within a large commercial bank. Freedman notes that 60% of all business expenditures on computing are for maintenance of cobol programs, and that there are over 50 billion lines of cobol in existence worldwide, the maintenance of which, therefore, represents an information systems activity of considerable economic importance [freedman, Using a previously developed model of software maintenance productivity [banker.

Integrated software Program simplification Embedded software Software deployment Collaborative software Complex programmable logic device Hardware software Software upgrade Enterprise software Software implementation