The underlying ideas of the present treatise originate from some speculations by the author in the late 1960s on the possible existence of a nonzero electric field divergence in the electromagnetic equations of the vacuum state. From these speculations an extended electromagnetic theory with fundamental applications was gradually developed, and finally debouching into the present updated and revised quantum electrodynamic approach. This book collects the various and separately published parts of the theory into one systematic entity.
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