Bose-Einstein Condensates: Theory, Characteristics, and Current Research

ISBN: 9781617287367 出版年：2010 页码：277 Paige E Matthews Nova Science

A Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter of a dilute gas of weakly interacting bosons confined in an external potential and cooled to temperatures very near to absolute zero (0 K or −273.15 °C). Under such conditions, a large fraction of the bosons occupy the lowest quantum state of the external potential, at which point quantum effects become apparent on a macroscopic scale. This new book gathers and presents research in this field including a new approach to Spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, elliptic vortices in self-attractive Bose-Einstein condensates and matter wave dark solitions in optical superlatices, as well as the mathematical description of the effective behavior of one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates with defects.