The aim of this publication is to provide up-to-date information about the recent developments in biochemical methodologies and strategies for Nigella sativa phytochemicals isolation and identification, as well as to highlight the most relevant data about its pharmacological importance in relation with its health promoting benefits actions. Because of its rich historical background, extensive researches were carried out to evidence the pharmacological effects of Nigella sativa and to explain the mechanisms behind it. Studies have shown the wide spectrum of its pharmacological effects, such as antimicrobial (especially on multiple-antibiotic resistant bacteria), nephroprotective, diuretic and antihypertensive, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, antihyperlipidemic, anticancer activity, neuroprotective, antinociceptive, pulmonary-protective and antiasthmatic, antihistaminic, gastro-protective activity, antioxidant activity, antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
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