Soils in Natural Landscapes

ISBN: 9781466594357 出版年：2013 页码：302 Alexander, Earl B CRC Press

Soils, Landscapes and Ecosystems Concepts of Soils Soils from the Bottom Up and from the Top Down Soils, Landscapes, and Ecosystems A Global Perspective Land Use Land Management Soil Parent Material, Weathering, and Primary Particles Parent Material Weathering Primary Soil Particles Clay Ion-exchange and the Soil Solution Soil Architecture-Structural Units and Horizons Soil Structure Soil Pores and Soil Density Soil Strength Ecosystem Effects of Soil Structure Soil Horizons and Pedons Heat and Soil Temperature Sources of Heat and Heat Transfer at the Surface of Earth Soil Temperatures Soil Temperature Regimes Soil Temperature Effects Soil Water, Air, and Climate Infiltration of Water into Soils Energy Status and Disposition of Water in Soils Water Storage and Air in Soils Movement of Water and Air in Soils Evaporation and Transpiration Composition of Air in the Soil Atmosphere A Landscape Perspective Global Patterns of Precipitation Soil Classification-Kinds of Soils Organisation of the USDA System, Soil Taxonomy Diagnostic Horizons Soil Temperature and Moisture Regimes Order and Lower Levels of Soil Taxonomy The World Reference Base (WRB) Features of Soil in the 12 Orders of Soil Taxonomy Global Distributions of Soils Hydric Soils Soils and Landscapes Lithology and Stratigraphy Landforms and Topography Climate Biota (Plants, Animals, and Other Living Organisms) Plant Communities and Ecosystems Soils and Time Soils and Ecological Landscape Maps Primary Production and Plant Nutrition Primary Productivity Plants in the Physical Environment and Photosynthesis Role of Soils in Plant Nutrition Potential Plant Productivity Soil Organisms: Life in Soils Faunal and Microorganism Habitats Viruses Main Kinds of Organisms Living in Soils Soil Ecology Soil Organic Matter Sources of Organic Matter and Its Composition in Plant Tissues Decomposition of Organic Matter Composition of Soil Organic Matter Distributions of Soil Organic Matter Functions of Soil Organic Matter Soils and Global Processes Crust of Earth Free Water Balance Carbon Cycle Ancient Climates, Plants, Weathering, and Atmospheric CO2 and Methane Nitrogen Cycle Sulphur Cycle Acid Rain, Water, and Soils Phosphorus Cycle Nutrient Cycling, Plant (Site) Productivity Land Management and Soil Quality Types of Use and Management for Different Land Water Soil Degradation Diversity of Plants and Animals Soil Quality Degraded Landscapes and Soils Glossary References Appendix A: Extensive and Intensive Properties and Flow of Heat, Air, and Water in Soils Appendix B: Forms of Life Appendix C: Notes on the Elemental Nutrition of Living Organisms Appendix D: Rock Classification for Nongeologists Appendix E: Naming the Suborders, Great Groups , and Subgroups in Soil Taxonomy Appendix F: Taxonomic Names of the Plants