Environmental Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing

ISBN: 9781466514676 出版年：2012 页码：465 Spellman, Frank R CRC Press

Introduction Shalenanza The Other Side of the Coin Earthquakes Internal Structure of Earth Key Definitions Purpose of Text Thought-Provoking Discussion Questions References and Recommended Reading Shale Gas Importance of Shale Gas Versatility of Natural Gas Alternative or Renewable Energy The 411 on Natural Gas The 411 on Processing and Refining Natural Gas Thought-Provoking Discussion Questions References and Recommended Reading Shale Gas Geology Introduction Sedimentation Types of Sedimentary Rocks Chemical Sedimentary Rocks Physical Characteristics of Sedimentary Rocks Sedimentary Rock Facies Thought-Provoking Discussion Questions References and Recommended Reading Shale Gas Plays Unconventional Natural Gas Resources Distribution of Unconventional Natural Shale Gas Fast Forward to the Future Thought-Provoking Discussion Questions References and Recommended Reading Shale Gas Sources Shale Gas in the United States Geologic Time Scale Active U.S. Shale Gas Plays Thought-Provoking Discussion Questions References and Recommended Reading Hydraulic Fracturing: The Process Poor Farm Folk to Texas Rich Drilling for Water Versus Drilling for Shale Gas Water Well Systems Components of a Water Well Shale Gas Drilling Development Technology Drilling Hydraulic Fracturing Fracking Water Supply Thought-Provoking Discussion Questions References and Recommended Reading Chemicals Used in Hydraulic Fracturing Background Fracking Fluids and Their Constituents Trade Secrets and Proprietary Chemicals Thought-Provoking Discussion Questions References and Recommended Reading Environmental Considerations Introduction Access Roads, Well Pads, and Mineral Rights Horizontal Wells Thought-Provoking Discussion Questions References and Recommended Reading Laws and Regulations Affecting Shale Gas Development and Operations Introduction Regulations for Shale Gas Operations Pollution: Effects Often Easy to See, Feel, Taste, or Smell Regulatory Structure Water Quality Regulations Clean Water Act Safe Drinking Water Act Oil Pollution Act of 1990 Air Quality Clean Air Act Clean Air Act and Hydraulic Fracturing Operations Land (Soil) Quality Oil and Gas Operations on Public Lands Superfund (CERCLA) Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act OSHA Oil and Gas Drilling, Servicing, and Storage Standards OSHA Standards Applicable to Shale Gas Operations Thought-Provoking Discussion Questions References and Recommended Reading Glossary Appendix A. Chemicals Used in Hydraulic Fracturing Appendix B. Case Study Locations for Hydraulic Fracturing Study Index