Environmental Health and Hazard Risk Assessment —— Principles and Calculations

----- 环境健康与危害风险评估

ISBN: 9781439868874 出版年：2017 页码：619 Theodore, Louis Dupont, R Ryan CRC Press

Part I Introductory Comments About the Book Why Use Risk-Based Decision Making? Book Contents Definitions Risk Terms Financial Risk History of Environmental Health Problems First Humans Development of Agriculture Colonization of the New World Industrial Revolution History of Environmental Hazard Problems Early Accidents Recent Major Accidents Major Accidents in the Twenty-First Century Advances in Safety Features Health Risk versus Hazard Risk Introduction to the Health Risk Assessment Process Introduction to the Hazard Risk Assessment Process Qualitative Risk Scenarios What Are the Differences? Uncertainty Factors Future Trends in Environmental Risk Assessment Environmental Regulatory Framework Regulatory System Laws and Regulations: The Differences Role of the States Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Major Toxic Chemical Laws Administered by the U.S. EPA Legislative Tools for Controlling Water Pollution Oil Pollution Act Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (CERCLA) of 1986 Clean Air Act Occupational Safety and Health Act EPA's Risk Management Program Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 Emergency Planning and Response Need for Emergency Response Planning Planning Committee Hazards Survey Plan for Emergencies Training of Personnel Notification of Public and Regulatory Officials Plan Implementation Other State Regulatory Initiatives Illustrative Examples Part II Health Risk Assessment Introduction to Health Risk Assessment Health Risk Evaluation Process Health Problem Identification Toxicology and Dose-Response Exposure Assessment Health Risk Characterization Health Problem Identification Toxicology Principles Epidemiology Principles Molecular/Atomic Structural Analysis Material Safety Data Sheets Engineering Problem Solving Fate of Chemicals in the Environment Related to Health Problems Carcinogens versus Noncarcinogens Toxicity and Dose-Response Definitions Toxicology Epidemiology Noncarcinogens Carcinogens Uncertainties/Limitations Exposure Assessment Components of an Exposure Assessment Dispersion in Water Systems Dispersion in Soils Dispersion in the Atmosphere Health Risk Characterization Qualitative Health Risk Scenarios Quantitative Risk: Noncarcinogens Quantitative Risk: Carcinogens Risk Uncertainties/Limitations Risk-Based Decision Making Public Perception of Risk Part III Hazard Risk Assessment Introduction to Hazard Risk Assessment Risk Evaluation Process for Accidents Hazard Identification Probability and Causes of Accidents Consequences of Accidents Hazard Risk Characterization Hazard/Event Problem Identification Process Equipment Classification of Accidents Fires, Explosions, Toxic Emissions, and Hazardous Spills Hazard Event Evaluation Techniques Hazard/Event Probability Accident Causes Series and Parallel Systems Probability Distributions Weibull Distribution Fault Tree Analysis Hazard/Event Consequences Accident Minimization/Prevention Consequence Estimation Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA) Vulnerability Analysis Event Tree Analysis Hazard Risk Characterization Risk Characterization Public Perception of Risk Risk Communication Cause-Consequence Analysis Qualitative Hazard Risk Assessment Uncertainties/Limitations Quantitative Hazard Risk Assessment Part IV Case Studies Case for Case Studies Case Study Criteria: Is It Logical, Relevant, and Reasonable? Preparing a Case Study Solution Monte Carlo Simulation Case Study 1: Time to Pump Failure Case Study 2: Time to Failure of Two Electrical Components Case Study 3: Nuclear Plant Temperature Gauge Lifetime Case Study 4: Bus Section Failures in Electrostatic Precipitators Emergency Planning and Response Case Study 1: Terrorist Attack of a Pharmaceutical Company's Plant in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, New York Case Study 2: Terrorist Attack of the Brooklyn Navy Yard in Greenpoint, Brooklyn, New York Case Study 3: Plans to Counter the Possibility of a Process or Plant-Related Accident at the "Wedo" Chemical Facility in Suffolk County, Long Island, New York Case Study 4: Dilution Ventilation Models Natural Disasters Case Study 1: Hurricanes Case Study 2: Floods Case Study 3: Earthquakes Case Study 4: Meteorites Case Study 5: Combined Hurricanes and Flooding Industrial Accidents Case Study 1: Nanochemical Plant Accident Case Study 2: Caustic Tank Preliminary Hazard Analysis Case Study 3: Transportation of Hazardous Chemicals Case Study 4: Offshore Rig Accident Afterword Index Chapters include an introduction and references.