Environmental Soil Properties and Behaviour

ISBN: 9781439845295 出版年：2012 页码：446 N Yong, Raymond Nakano, Masashi Pusch, Roland CRC Press

Origin and Function of Soils Introduction Soil Origin and Formation Soil Classification Basic Soil Functions Concluding Remarks References Nature of Soils Introduction Clay Minerals Nonclay Minerals Soil Organic Matter Soil Particles Soil Structure Interparticle Bonds Microorganisms in Soils Laboratory Determinations Concluding Remarks References Soil-Water Systems Introduction Water Retention Clay-Water Interactions Soil-Water Energy Characteristics Water Uptake and Transfer Chemical Reactions in Porewater Physical Reactions and Hydration Concluding Remarks References Swelling Clays Introduction Swelling Phenomena Water Uptake and Swelling Water Movement Concluding Remarks References Stressors, Impacts, and Soil Functionality Introduction Stressor Sources and Stressors Stressor Impacts Soil Functionality Index (SFI) Time-Related Change of Functionality Concluding Remarks References Mechanical Properties Introduction Mechanical Attributes Concept of Effective Stress Shear Strength of Soils Mechanisms in Granular Soil Strength Cohesive Soil Strength Porewater Pressure Shear Resistance Mechanisms Compressibility and Consolidation Creep Behaviour Concluding Remarks References Thermal and Hydraulic Properties Introduction Thermal Properties Water Movement under Thermal Gradient Hydraulic Properties Swelling Clay Hydraulic Conductivity Vapour and Gas Conductivities Concluding Remarks References Sorption Properties and Mechanisms Introduction Solutes, Contaminants, and Pollutants Contaminant Interactions with Soil Particles Contaminant Sorption Mechanisms Laboratory Determination of Partitioning Partitioning and Soil Composition Concluding Remarks References Mobility and Attenuation of Contaminants Introduction Interactions and Mobility Mobility and Attenuation Microstructure and Diffusive Transport Attenuation of Organic Chemicals Concluding Remarks References Environmental Soil Behaviour Introduction Soil Evolution and Ageing Processes Time-Related Changes and Soil Evolution Biodegradation and Biotransformation of Contaminants Freeze-Thaw Seasonal Impact Concluding Remarks References