Signaling Mechanisms of Oxygen and Nitrogen Free Radicals

ISBN: 9781420073744 出版年：2009 页码：230 Afanas'ev, Igor B CRC Press

Introduction: Free Radical Damage versus Free Radical Signaling Free Radical Signaling in Reactions Catalyzed by EnzymesProducers of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Signaling in Reactions Catalyzed by Xanthine Oxidase ROS Signaling by Phagocyte and Nonphagocyte NADPH Oxidases ROS Signaling in Reactions Catalyzed by Nitric Oxide Synthases References Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Signaling in Mitochondria ROS Signaling in Mitochondria Signaling Functions of Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite in Mitochondria References ROS and RNS Signaling in Catalysis of Heterolytic Reactions by Kinases, Phosphatases, and Other Enzymes Protein Kinases Phospholipases GTPases Phosphatases The Other Enzymes References ROS and RNS Signaling in Apoptosis Stimulation and Inhibition of ROS-Induced Apoptosis Mitochondrial ROS as Apoptosis Initiators Mechanism of Superoxide Signaling in Apoptosis Enzymatic Apoptotic Cascades Mediated by ROS RNS in Apoptosis References ROS and RNS Signaling in Senescence and Aging Free Radicals in Aged Cells, Tissues, and Whole Organisms Mechanisms of Free Radical-Mediated Damage in Aging and Senescence Antioxidant Treatment against Aging and Senescence: Possibility of Enlargement of Life Span References Mechanisms of ROS and RNS Signaling in Enzymatic Catalysis Major Reactive Signaling Molecules: O2-, H2O2, NO, ONOO- ROS and RNS Signaling by Reactions with the Sulfhydryl Groups of Enzymes Mechanism of ROS Signaling during Inactivation of Phosphatases Mechanisms of ROS Signaling in Reactions Catalyzed by Protein Kinases Chain Mechanism of Superoxide Signaling Nucleophilic Mechanism of Superoxide Signaling in GTPase-Catalyzed Reactions References Index