Fuel Cell Technology Handbook

ISBN: 9780367395773 出版年：2002 页码：362 CRC Press

PART 1: TECHNOLOGY INTRODUCTION, Gregor Hoogers What is a Fuel Cell? Main Applications / the "Drivers" Low and Medium Temperature Fuel Cells: AFC, PEMFC, AND PAFC High Temperature Fuel Cells: MCFC AND SOFC Liquid Fuel: DMFC HISTORY, Eric L. Chen, Department of Engineering, University of Oxford, UK Introduction The "Gaseous Voltaic Battery" "Electricity Direct from Coal" The Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Alkaline Fuel Cell The Direct Methanol Fuel Cell The Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell The Solid Polymer Fuel Cell Application in Road Vehicles Conclusions References Further Reading THERMODYNAMICS AND ELECTROCHEMICAL KINETICS, Eric L. Chen, Department of Engineering, University of Oxford, UK Engineering Thermodynamics Conversion Efficiencies of Heat Engines and Fuel Cells Chemical Reactions Chemical Thermodynamics Electrochemical Kinetics Conclusions References FUEL CELL COMPONENTS AND THEIR IMPACT ON PERFORMANCE, Gregor Hoogers General Design Features Fuel Cell Performance: The MEA and the Current/Voltage Curve MEA Components Other Hardware - The Fuel Cell Stack References THE FUELING PROBLEM: FUEL CELL SYSTEMS, Gregor Hoogers Fueling Options Present Hydrogen Storage Technology Fuel Storage Capacities Reformer Technology CO Removal/Pd-membrane Technology The Right Fuel/Fuel Cell Power Systems Primary Fuels and Fuel Clean-Up Fuel Cell Technology Based on Renewables References CATALYSTS FOR THE PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL, Dave Thomsett, Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, UK Electrocatalysts for PEMFC Catalyst Design, Selection, and Properties Anode Electrocatalysis Approaches to Reformate Tolerance Methanol Oxidation Electrocatalysis Cathode Electrocatalysis Preparation of Catalysts Characterisation of Catalysts Supports References PROSPECTS OF THE DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELL, Martin Hogarth, Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, UK Operating Principle of the DMFC Technological Challenges Ahead of DMFC Commercialisation Electrode Performance Conclusions and Future Recommendations References PART II: APPLICATIONS STATIONARY POWER GENERATION, Martina Hinsberger and Gregor Hoogers Fuel Cell Technology for Stationary Power Generation Large-Scale Central Power Generation and Small-Scale CHP Systems Domestic Heat and Power Generation Outlook References PORTABLE SYSTEMS, Gregor Hoogers What are "Portable" Systems? Prototypes and Examples Conclusions References AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS, Gregor Hoogers Fuel Cell Applications in Automotive Technology Key Developers Conclusion References COMPETING TECHNOLOGIES FOR TRANSPORTATION, R. Stone, Department of Engineering, University of Oxford, UK Introduction Internal Combustion Engines Emissions Control Technology for IC Engines Electric Vehicles Hybrid Electric Vehicles Conclusions References FUEL CELL FUEL CYCLES David Hart and Ausilio Bauen Introduction to Fuel Cycle Analysis Applying Fuel Cycle Analysis to Fuel Cells and Competing Technologies Fuel cycle Analysis Results Interpretation of results Recent Fuel Cycle Analyses and their Implications Conclusions Acknowledgements References OUTLOOK - THE NEXT FIVE YEARS Gregor Hoogers APPENDICES Useful web sites Key Word Index