Cost estimation costing analysis of overhead expenses break-even analysis depreciation, taxes, cash flow, and time value of money considerations costing for materials with design considerations conceptual cost estimating techniques basic costing for machining processes basic costing for welding processes basic costing for casting processes basic costing for forging processes cost indexes, cost capacity factors, and improvement curves facility capital cost estimation and the estimation of operating costs. Appendix: a generalized metal cutting economics model for single-pass cutting in turning, drilling, shaping, and milling operations.
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