Struggling with the Philosopher —— A Refutation of Avicenna's Metaphysics

----- 与哲学家斗争：对阿维森纳形而上学的驳斥

ISBN: 9781860646935 出版年：2001 页码：115 Muhammad al-Shahrastani Wilferd Madelung Toby Mayer Wilferd Madelung Toby Mayer Bloomsbury Publishing

Modern scholarship has revealed that Muhammed b. 'abd al-Karim al-Shahrastani, the famous Muslim theologian of the 12th century and author of the 'Book of Religious and Philosophical Sects', was greatly influenced by Ismaili teachings and expounds it in many of his works. In fact, he may even have been a secret Ismaili. In this work al-Shahrastani refutes the metaphysics of Ibn Sina (Avicenna) from an Ismaili point of view. He sets forth his own philosophical theology which is based on the Ismaili concept of the absolute transcendence of God beyond existence and comprehension.