1. Introduction: the politics of granting citizenship 2. Wide measures with synthetic and dynamic methods Part I. The Colonizers and Settlers: 3. Colonization in reverse: the degrees of empire in the UK and France 4. From manifest destiny to multi-culturalism in the settler countries Part II. Matched Case Studies and Exceptions: 5. European colonizer versus short term occupier: Austria and Germany 6. World colonizer versus late occupier: The Netherlands and Belgium 7. Left and green politics trump regime types in Nordic countries Part III. The Comprehensive Analysis of Naturalization Rates: 8. Explaining naturalization rates in eighteen countries: regimes over centuries and politics and institutions over decades 9. Conclusion - explanations and future of citizenship.
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