List of illustrations List of tables Acknowledgments Note on transliteration Introduction 1. Articulating a new nation 2. Urdu and the nation 3. The nation and its margins 4. The case of Punjab, part I: elite efforts 5. The case of Punjab, part II: popular culture 6. History and local absence 7. Bringing back the local past 8. Speaking like a state: language planning 9. Religion, nation, language 10. Conclusion Bibliography Index.
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