In making these measurements I used only a compass and a base-line. The latter varied from 200 (656 feet) to 400 (1312% feet) metres, and was in every case accurately measured with the metre-measure. After measuring my base-line, I carefully noted the time it took the caravan, properly laden and travelling at its ordinary average pace, to traverse it from the one end to' the other; at the same time I was scrupulous to make all due allowance for the inclination of the ground and other inequalities of the surface.
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