Modal Logic —— An Introduction to its Syntax and Semantics

----- 模态逻辑：语法和语义导论

ISBN: 9780195366570 出版年：2011 页码：283 Cocchiarella, Nino B Freund, Max A Oxford University Press

In this text, a variety of modal logics at the sentential, first-order, and second-order levels are developed with clarity, precision and philosophical insight. All of the S1-S5 modal logics of Lewis and Langford, among others, are constructed. A matrix, or many-valued semantics, for sentential modal logic is formalized, and an important result that no finite matrix can characterize any of the standard modal logics is proven. Exercises, some of which show independence results, help to develop logical skills.