Abstract This chapter summarizes the content presented in this book, focuses on the new developments in the field of biomechatronics, how these technologies may improve our everyday life and discusses some future directions that may deeply redefine humankind. More precisely, it presents new results in the fields of materials, sensors, and actuators, new approaches for the development of brain-machine interfaces, new directions in the fields of control, artificial intelligence, and machine learning, and new paradigms and designs in prosthetics, orthotics, and rehabilitation devices. Moreover, it discusses some future directions on artificial organs, tissues, implants and robotic surgery, the current trends in wearable devices, examples of biomechatronic technologies for animals and other human-oriented uses of biomechatronic technologies (e.g., biomechatronics in sports, exercise, and entertainment). In the last part, the chapter focuses on the future in an attempt to address difficult questions, such as âwhat are the boundaries of human existence?â and âwhat is the future of the biomechatronics age human?â The idea of a biomechatronics age human is rapidly transforming from a science fiction topic to a fast approaching reality. Is the world surrounding us ready? Are we ready to decide and design our next âevolution step,â to accelerate our progress? Are we ready to redefine what it means to be human? These are some discussions and debates that conclude an amazing journey into the new dawn of biomechatronic systems.
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