Over the last few years, the technological advances in wireless sensor network (WSN) applications have sparked great curiosity and a growing interest among both users and manufacturers, as well as in the research community. Significant challenges have been overcome to ensure their implementation by addressing problems arising from deployment and connectivity, and from routing and securing information, although much remains to be done at the energy management stage. A WSN is made up of a set of sensor nodes, using supply devices or batteries to operate and interconnected via radio links to ensure data reception, processing and transmission. Increasing the autonomy of sensors and extending the network lifetime can therefore be considered among the main objectives by examining interesting methods and studies that optimize energy consumption, and suggesting mechanisms to improve it. These mechanisms can involve several action levels which can range from the deployment stage to the information exploitation stage.
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